NORMALISATION, ACADEMISATION, UNIVERSITARISATION, PARTENARIAT: DE LA DIVERSITÉ DES VOIES VERS L'UNIVERSITÉ

Abstract

In France, the school and pedagogical centre that graduate teachers to preschool and elementary school were replaced by an unique organism, the Formation of Teachers Universitarian Institute. In Brazil, the formation of teachers of elementary school is being transfered progressively from the 2nd degree to the university. In the USA this process was ended in the decade of 30. In 1965, the Province of Quebec published a decree (edict): only the school of education can formate teachers of pre and elementary school. The objective of this work is to show for what reason these transferences were done, the history of each country, the geographical amplitude, and the evolution of teachers formation.