Cesarean childbirth: an institutional socio-clinical study of the professional practices and discourses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4756.3508Keywords:
Cesarean section; Parturition; Nursing; Health; Education; Social Sciences.Abstract
Objective: to analyze how the social, historical, economic and
professional elements influence the institutionalization process
of cesarean childbirth in Brazil and France. Method: a qualitative
study grounded on the theoretical framework of the institutional
socioclinic. The data were produced through focus groups and
individual interviews, supported by semi-structured scripts, with
health professionals, mothers and fathers and a research diary.
The study had 83 participants. The analysis was based on the
theoretical framework and thematic analysis. Cross analysis was
developed between the different types of data, services and
groups, as well as between countries. Results: the participants
were characterized in terms of schooling, employment, level of
training and workplace. The countries researched have their own
peculiar health and educational structure and are marked by a
social-historical-economic construction outlined by patriarchy.
The New Public Management influences both contexts and
makes health care precarious. The technical and organizational
dimensions reinforce an intellectual and social division of work
and knowledge in health. Conclusion: the institutionalization
process of childbirth in the countries is marked by social,
economic and professional aspects. Practices and speeches of
the professionals in their work process influence the occurrence,
or not, of cesarean sections.
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