Frequência de osteopenia e osteoporose em homens e mulheres vivendo com HIV/Aids: um estudo observacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2021.168968Palavras-chave:
HIV, Densidade Óssea, Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade, Prevalência, DiagnósticoResumo
Objetivos: Identificar a frequência de alterações no metabolismo ósseo, incluindo valores abaixo do estimado para idade, osteopenia e osteoporose, em pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids (PVHA) e comparar a frequência de fatores associados à redução da densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e composição corporal entre sexos. Métodos: Estudo observacional que avaliou 106 PVHA (65 do sexo masculino) recrutadas do Hospital Universitário da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto entre os anos 2013 e 2014. A DMO foi medida utilizando a Absorciometria Radiológica de Dupla Energia (DXA). Valores de desvio padrão Z- e T- scores propostos pela Sociedade Internacional para Densitometria Clínica foram adotados para classificar os participantes em abaixo do valor estimado para idade, osteopenia e osteoporose. Os testes do qui-quadrado e exato de Fischer foram empregados na comparação entre os sexos baseado em seus respectivos fatores associados à redução da densidade mineral óssea. Resultados: Cinquenta e dois (49%) PVHA apresentaram ao menos um diagnóstico para abaixo do valor estimado para idade, osteopenia e osteoporose, sendo 37 (57%) do sexo masculino e 15 (37%) feminino. A frequência de consumo de álcool foi maior no sexo masculino (n=20; 30,8%) comparado ao feminino (n=5; 12,2%) (p=0,028). Conclusões: Uma alta taxa de PVHA apresentaram alterações no metabolismo ósseo, com maior frequência no sexo masculino. A frequência no consumo de álcool foi maior no sexo masculino, podendo explicar parcialmente as possíveis causas para taxa aumentada de alterações no metabolismo ósseo observada nesse grupo. Essa informação pode contribuir no desenvolvimento de estratégias para redução da frequência do diagnóstico para valores abaixo do estimado para idade, osteopenia e osteoporose, melhorando a qualidade de vida em PVHA.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Bruno Augusto Aguilar, André Pereira dos Santos, Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado, Euripedes Bardanulfo Gonçalves Gomide, Emerson Sebastião, Anderson Marliere Navarro
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