Effect of exclusion diet on the nutritional status of children and adolescents with cow’s milk protein allergy: a retrospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2025.221748Palabras clave:
Food allergy, Milk hypersensitivity, Child nutrition disorders, Growth and developmentResumen
Objective: To describe the anthropometric parameters of patients with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) followed up at a tertiary-care hospital before and after the initiation of a cow’s milk exclusion diet. Methods: Observational retrospective study of patients aged zero to 18 years with a diagnosis of CMPA who started specialized follow-up from 2015 until the first semester of 2021 at the food allergy outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital in the interior of São Paulo. Results: The study included 278 patients and 3,629 weight measurements and 2,983 length/height measurements, allowing for the calculation of 2,985 Body Mass Index (BMI), with a mean age of symptom onset of 6.4 [± 11.7] months, mean age of cow’s milk exclusion diet start of 9.6 [± 14.2] months, and mean age of specialized care start of 3.1 [± 2.8] years. A significant decrease in Z-scores for weight, height, and BMI for age occurred after birth, with progressive recovery after the cow’s milk exclusion diet. The exclusion diet appears to have a greater impact on growth recovery than the initiation of specialized follow-up. In the long term, the same patients had a trend toward overweight and obesity. Conclusions: Children with CMPA showed progressive growth impairment up to the initiation of the cow’s milk exclusion diet, after which they exhibited recovery of all parameters. In the long term, there is an increase in the proportion of patients with overweight and obesity.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Laura Cardoso Brentini, Patrícia Schiavotello Stefanelli, Laura Dresch Neumann, Gustavo Santos Paiva Laender Moura, Persio Roxo-Junior, Fabio Carmona
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
