Cardiovascular repercussions in cocaine users: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2021.173234Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseases, Cocaine, Myocardial infarctionAbstract
Introduction: The use of cocaine is considered an important health problem. An increasing number of patients in the emergency services report symptoms related to cardiovascular changes after its use. Objective: To present the cardiovascular repercussions promoted by cocaine, associating its consumption with possible fatal outcomes, besides discussing the best ways to approach the patient in the emergency. Method: Integrative literature review in the electronic databases LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, SciELO, Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department, State Health Secretariat of São Paulo, Coleciona UHS, available at the VHL, as well as PubMed. Results: After careful analysis, 44 articles met the inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted in Europe (25%), Australia (6.82%) and the American continent (68.18%). Discussion: Cocaine abuse is considered an isolated risk factor for cardiovascular disease, independent of others. Therefore, young patients admitted with chest pain should be asked about the use of this drug. The treatment of AMI associated with cocaine use is similar to that performed in a non-user patient. Despite the controversy over whether or not there is a contraindication to the use of beta-blockers; several studies indicate the use of alpha and beta-blocker drugs in these patients. Conclusion: it was found that the main cardiovascular repercussions found in cocaine users who sought care in hospital emergencies were hypertensive emergencies/urgencies, supraventricular tachycardia, angina, acute myocardial infarction, dissection, and aortic aneurysm.
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