Temporal trend and epidemiological profile of accidents involving venomous animals in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2012-2021)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2024.207227Keywords:
Venomous animals, Arachnidism, Scorpion sting, SnakebiteAbstract
Introduction: Accidents involving venomous animals have significant clinical implications. In Brazil, accidents caused by scorpions (59%), spiders (13.6%), and snakes (10.9%) are the most
frequently reported, although proportions vary by region. This study describes the temporal trends and epidemiological characteristics of accidents involving venomous animals in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: This is an ecological (time series) study of accidents caused by venomous animals over the last 10 years (2012 to 2021) in Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System. We estimated incidence rates and analyzed time series using Joinpoint regression, according to geographical region, age, and type of animal. Results: From 2012 to 2021, 17,891 accidents involving venomous animals were reported, with rates increasing from 8.4 to 10.7 per 100,000 inhabitants. Snakes were responsible for the highest number of cases (33.4%), followed by scorpions (27.2%) and spiders (27.0%). Snakebite cases remained stable, while cases of arachnidism and scorpion envenomation increased, marking them as the main types of accidents. The regions with the highest rates were Centro-Sul (65.5 per 100,000 inhabitants), Baía da Ilha Grande (62.3), Médio Paraíba (45.3), and Serrana (43.5). Males and the 40 to 59 age group predominated, but all age groups showed an increase, with a more pronounced rise among children and adolescents. Most accidents were classified as
mild, although 51 deaths were recorded.
Conclusions: Rio de Janeiro has relatively low rates of accidents involving venomous animals,
but some regions have values higher than the national average. Snakebite accidents remained
stable, except in the adolescent group. Accidents involving scorpions and spiders showed an
upward trend.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriela Henriques Fernandes, Sara Sabadine Lorencini , Billy McBenedict, Sandra Costa Fonseca, Ezequias Batista Martins
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