THYROID EXAM

Abstract

Although the physical examination of the thyroid is not considered a simple procedure for a great majority of physicians, it should be part of the systematic clinical evaluation of a patient, considering that usually the palpation of the gland is the only technique for detecting diseases of the thyroid. Examination of this gland should include inspection, palpation and auscultation. The normal thyroid gland, generally, is not visible. For an adequate palpation of thyroid, it is essential a correct anatomical localization of the gland. Size, consistency and mobility of the lobes, presence or not of pain or changes on surface of gland must be described. The size of the thyroid gland should be classified as normal or increased (goiter). Goiter can be diffuse or nodular (uninodular or multinodular goiter). Thyroid auscultation should be performed only in patients who present symptoms and/or signals of hyperthyroidism.