PHARMACOGENETICS OF THE DIABETES MELLITUS TREATMENT

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease involving the deficiency or resistance to insulin that triggers to severe micro and macrovascular complications. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the complex etiology of main forms of diabetes. The recent advances in molecular genetics contributed to the identification of several loci and candidate genes that are related to the clinically recognized diabetes subtypes. This knowledge has become more important for recognition of diabetic patients with differential response to specific hypoglycemic drugs. In this study, the molecular aspects of the monogenic and polygenic forms of diabetes as well as the pharmacogenetics approach of the drugs commonly used in treatment are reviewed.