Impacto do racismo estrutural e interpessoal na saúde bucal e nos serviços odontológicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/Palavras-chave:
Racismo, Segregação Residencial, Características de Residência, Saúde Bucal, Acesso aos serviços de saúdeResumo
OBJETIVO: Analisar o papel do racismo na saúde bucal e no acesso a serviços odontológicos, considerando duas vias de impacto: o racismo estrutural e o racismo interpessoal. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 686 estudantes de graduação, que analisou duas categorias de desfechos: os relacionados à saúde bucal (autopercepção, comprometimento da saúde bucal e perda dentária) e os relacionados ao acesso/à percepção da qualidade de serviços odontológicos (acesso aos serviços, uso recente e avaliação do atendimento). As exposições foram raça/cor, discriminação racial e caracterização do ambiente de vizinhança. Foram estimadas as razões de prevalência através de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, com ajustes orientados por diagramas acíclicos direcionados. RESULTADOS: Pretos e pardos apresentaram maior prevalência de autopercepção negativa (pretos: RP = 1,56; IC95% 1,14–2,13; pardos: RP = 1,53; IC95% 1,14–2,05), perda dentária (pretos: RP = 1,99; IC95% 1,33–2,97), falta de acesso aos serviços odontológicos (pretos: RP = 3,08; IC95% 1,06–8,95; pardos: RP = 3,78; IC95% 1,49–9,59) e avaliação negativa do atendimento (pretos: RP = 1,63; IC95% 1,08–2,45; pardos: RP = 1,64; IC95% 1,12–2,39). Discriminação racial se associou à falta de acesso (RP = 4,34; IC95% 1,45–12,95), ao não uso recente dos serviços (RP = 1,74; IC95% 1,31–2,31) e à avaliação negativa do atendimento (RP = 1,51; IC95% 1,01–2,25). E residir em vizinhanças com menos problemas físicos e sociais foi associado à menor prevalência de autopercepção negativa (RP = 0,70; IC95% 0,54–0,90), ao comprometimento da saúde bucal (RP = 0,87; IC95% 0,76–0,99), à falta de acesso (RP = 0,42; IC95% 0,18–0,98) e à avaliação negativa do atendimento (RP = 0,56; IC95% 0,40–0,79). CONCLUSÕES: Os achados evidenciaram que o racismo impacta a saúde bucal por vias estruturais e interpessoais e destacam a urgência de estratégias amplas e eficazes para reduzir as iniquidades que afetam os grupos racializados.
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Direitos autorais (c) 2026 Rafaela de Oliveira Cunha, Isabel Cristina Gonçalves Leite, Mário Círio Nogueira
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