Aditivos alimentares na infância: uma revisão sobre consumo e consequências à saúde

Autores

  • Mariana Vieira dos Santos Kraemer Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Núcleo de Pesquisa de Nutrição em Produção de Refeições. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Florianópolis, SC, Brasil http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-090X
  • Ana Carolina Fernandes Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Núcleo de Pesquisa de Nutrição em Produção de Refeições. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Florianópolis, SC, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8179-4855
  • Maria Cecília Cury Chaddad Pontifícia Universidade Católica. Faculdade de Direito. São Paulo, SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9219-0179
  • Paula Lazzarin Uggioni Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Núcleo de Pesquisa de Nutrição em Produção de Refeições. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Florianópolis, SC, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-0539
  • Vanessa Mello Rodrigues Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Núcleo de Pesquisa de Nutrição em Produção de Refeições. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Florianópolis, SC, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-9137
  • Greyce Luci Bernardo Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Núcleo de Pesquisa de Nutrição em Produção de Refeições. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Florianópolis, SC, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0411-012X
  • Rossana Pacheco da Costa Proença Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Núcleo de Pesquisa de Nutrição em Produção de Refeições. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Florianópolis, SC, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6149-8752

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004060

Palavras-chave:

Nutrição da Criança, Ingestão de Alimentos, Alimentos Industrializados, Aditivos Alimentares, toxicidade, Revisão

Resumo

OBJETIVO Discutir o contexto das publicações científicas sobre consumo de aditivos alimentares por crianças e as possíveis consequências à saúde nessa faixa etária. MÉTODOS Revisão de literatura, com busca realizada entre abril de 2020 e abril de 2021 nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed e Google Acadêmico, bem como em sites de órgãos oficiais brasileiros e estrangeiros. Foram selecionados documentos oficiais e estudos publicados a partir do ano 2000. Para a busca, foram utilizados unitermos relacionados a aditivos alimentares, crianças, consumo alimentar e saúde. RESULTADOS Aditivos alimentares são substâncias adicionadas intencionalmente aos alimentos para fins tecnológicos. Os alimentos industrializados são as principais fontes de aditivos na alimentação e seu consumo ocorre desde a infância. Observa-se, contudo, que há limitações inerentes ao método científico no que tange à análise de consumo e de toxicidade de aditivos alimentares em humanos, ocasionando escassez de dados na literatura científica. Adicionalmente, dados existentes sugerem que os aditivos apresentam potencial tóxico maior em crianças, considerando que o peso corporal nessa faixa etária é menor em relação ao adulto. Esse contexto ressalta a necessidade de se observar o princípio da precaução, segundo o qual devem-se prevenir os riscos de dano. CONCLUSÕES Trata-se de cenário no qual a literatura aponta risco à saúde das pessoas e, em especial, das crianças, cujo dever de proteção deve ser ainda maior, com absoluta prioridade. Assim, pondera-se a relevância de um debate técnico-científico ampliado quanto ao estabelecimento de parâmetros específicos e mais rígidos para crianças, considerando consumo e toxicidade de aditivos, bem como as diversas fontes de exposição a essas substâncias.

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Publicado

2022-05-06

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Revisão

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Kraemer, M. V. dos S., Fernandes, A. C., Chaddad, M. C. C., Uggioni, P. L. ., Rodrigues, V. M., Bernardo, G. L. ., & Proença, R. P. da C. (2022). Aditivos alimentares na infância: uma revisão sobre consumo e consequências à saúde. Revista De Saúde Pública, 56, 32. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004060

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