La calidad de la alimentación empeora con el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en mujeres con trastorno alimentario compulsivo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2025.237782Palabras clave:
Bulimia Nerviosa, Trastorno por Atracón, Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas, Ingestión de AlimentosResumen
Objetivo: analizar el patrón de consumo de alcohol en mujeres con trastorno alimentario
compulsivo y verificar su asociación con la calidad de la alimentación. Metodología: estudio
cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal y correlacional. Participaron mujeres con trastorno
alimentario compulsivo en seguimiento ambulatorio en cuatro servicios especializados en
trastornos alimentarios. Se recopilaron datos sociodemográficos y antropométricos, consumo
de alcohol, síntomas de trastorno alimentario compulsivo e ingesta alimentaria. Los datos se
analizaron de forma descriptiva y comparativa mediante el programa SPSS versión 21.0, y
para las asociaciones se utilizaron las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson o prueba exacta de
Fisher. Resultados: participaron 50 mujeres adultas jóvenes, predominantemente sin pareja,
empleadas y con educación secundaria completa. La mayoría (68%) presentó exceso de peso,
riesgo cardiovascular elevado (62%) y algún nivel de síntomas de atracón. Se verificó que el
38% de las participantes presentó consumo problemático de bebidas alcohólicas asociado a
una menor calidad de la alimentación y bajo consumo de vegetales en comparación con las
mujeres que no consumen bebidas alcohólicas. Conclusión: el consumo problemático de
bebidas alcohólicas en mujeres con trastorno alimentario compulsivo fue frecuente y afecta la
calidad de la alimentación, pudiendo perjudicar el estado nutricional, la terapia farmacológica y comprometer el pronóstico del trastorno alimentario.
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