A imparcialidade da ciência e as responsabilidades dos cientistas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-31662011000300003Keywords:
Impartiality, Impartial investigation, Responsibility of scientists, Efficacy, Legitimacy, Risks, Space of outcomes, Space of alternativesAbstract
This article, making use of a distinction between endorsing and accepting a claim, discusses the responsibilities that scientists incur in the light of the necessity to act, formulate policy, and to design regulations pertinent to technoscientific innovations, when decisions will inevitably be based, in important part, on claims that are only endorsed (and so implicated in compromises with ethical/social values), and not accepted in accordance with impartiality. Then, after introducing the notion of "impartial investigation", I conclude that the central responsibility of scientists is to engage in impartial investigation, and that this requires, not the exclusion of ethical and social values from having important roles in scientific research, but the inclusion, in their proper places, of the full array of values that are relevant to democratic deliberations.Downloads
References
Bhaskar, R. et al. (Org.). Interdisciplinarity and climate change. London: Routledge, 2010.
Douglas, H. E. Science, policy, and the value-free ideal. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2009.
Dupas, G. (Org.). Tensões entre meio-ambiente e crescimento econômico. São Paulo: Unesp, 2008.
Lacey, H. Is science value free? Values and scientific understanding. London: Routledge, 1999.
Lacey, H. A controvérsia sobre os transgênicos: questões científicas e éticas. São Paulo: Idéias e Letras, 2006a.
Lacey, H. O princípio de precaução e a autonomia da ciência. Scientiae Studia, 4, 3, p. 373–92, 2006b.
Lacey, H. Relações entre fatos e valores. Cadernos de Ciências Humanas, 9, 2, p. 251–66, 2006c.
Lacey, H. Valores e atividade científica 1. São Paulo: Associação Filosófica Scientiae Studia/ Editora 34, 2008a.
Lacey, H. Aspectos cognitivos e sociais das práticas científicas. Scientiae Studia, 6, 1, p. 83–96, 2008b.
Lacey, H. Ciência, respeito à natureza e bem-estar humano. Scientiae Studia, 6, 3, p. 297–327, 2008c.
Lacey, H. Crescimento econômico, meio-ambiente e sustentabilidade social: a responsabilidade dos cientistas e a questão dos transgênicos. In: Dupas, G. (Org.). Tensões entre meio-ambiente e crescimento econômico. São Paulo: Unesp, 2008d. p. 91–130.
Lacey, H. Valores e atividade científica 2. São Paulo: Associação Filosófica Scientiae Studia/ Editora 34, 2010a.
Lacey, H. Qual é o alcance da pesquisa científica? Apresentação ao congresso da AFHIC, Canela, RG, Maio, 2010b.
Lacey, H. The responsibilities of scientists and the old ideal of the neutrality of science. Apresentação à reunião da Philosophy of Science Association, Montreal, Canada, Novembro 2010c.
Lacey, H. Integrative pluralism (essay review of S. D. Mitchell, Unsimple truths). Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science. No prelo.
Lacey, H. & Lacey, M. I. Food crises and global warming: critical realism and the need to re-institutionalize science. In: Bhaskar, R. et al. (Org.). Interdisciplinarity and climate change. London: Routledge, 2010. p. 183-204.
Mitchell, S. D. Unsimple truths: science, complexity and policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.
Rudner, R. The scientist, qua scientist, makes value judgments. Philosophy of Science, 20, 1, p. 1–6, 1953.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 Scientiae Studia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
A revista detém os direitos autorais de todos os textos nela publicados. Os autores estão autorizados a republicar seus textos mediante menção da publicação anterior na revista. A revista adota a Licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.
