CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, and economic growth: an ARDL approach for G20 countries (1990-2019)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-53575622jmjfKeywords:
CO2 emissions, Economic growth, Fossil fuels, ARDL, G20Abstract
In light of current economic and environmental challenges, this study analyzed the impacts of fossil fuel consumption and economic growth on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in G20 countries, incorporating complementary variables such as globalization, urbanization, and investments in natural resources. Using annual data from 1990 to 2019 and applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the study identified significant short- and long term relationships between fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Economic growth exhibited a positive effect only in the short term, while urbanization was not statistically significant. In contrast, globalization and investments in natural resources showed relevant long-term effects. The findings highlight the need for sustainable policies that reconcile economic growth with carbon emission reductions, promoting energy transition and the efficient use of natural resources.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Josimar José Cafina Manuel, José Alberto Serra Ferreira Rodrigues Fuinhas
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Grant numbers UIDB/05037/2020;DOI 10.54499/UIDB/05037/2020.
Atualizado em 14/08/2025