Melhorar o letramento em saúde de migrantes nos cursos de línguas – Lições aprendidas com uma análise qualitativa de manuais escolares
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2236-4242.v37i2p107-135Palavras-chave:
Educação de adultos, Empoderamento, Imigrantes, Letramento em saúde, Segunda línguaResumo
Programas de letramento em saúde (LS) para grupos vulneráveis com baixo LS, como migrantes e refugiados, procuram reduzir desigualdades em saúde. Cursos de educação básica para adultos e de segunda língua (CSL) são especialmente eficazes. Contudo, há poucas evidências empíricas sobre a promoção do LS em CSL. Este estudo buscou compreender melhor a promoção do LS analisando materiais de CSL, derivando melhores práticas e informando programas inovadores. Realizamos um estudo de escopo com busca sistemática em sete bases de dados acadêmicas e na literatura cinzenta. Identificamos 21 manuais elegíveis e analisamos qualitativamente seu conteúdo, teorias, princípios didático-metodológicos e a relação entre linguagem e saúde. Há diversas maneiras de promover o LS em CSL, com currículos que abordam temas de saúde como consultas médicas, nutrição, atividade física, saúde mental e social. Teorias de três disciplinas são aplicadas, e métodos diversos visam habilidades linguísticas: receptivas, produtivas, interativas e de defesa. Três abordagens principais emergiram: linguagem para saúde, informação sobre saúde sobre e habilidades para a saúde, cada uma unicamente interligadas em cada manual. Nenhum outro ambiente educacional é tão abrangente, inovador e promissor quanto o CSL quando implementado por equipes interdisciplinares.
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