Descriptions of new gynandromorphs of Xylocopa augusti Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopini) from Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.058Keywords:
Anthophila, Carpenter bees, Neoxylocopa, GynandromorphismAbstract
Gynandromorphs are individuals that display both male and female features throughout the body and are rarely found in nature. We document and describe two new gynandromorphs of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti reared from a trap-nest in La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. In addition, based on a literature review, we assessed the frequency of the different types of gynandromorphs, and the body part affected, among large carpenter bees. Both gynandromorphs were assigned to the mixed category, the most common category reported in the literature (22 of 25 specimens). The remaining three specimens exhibit a bilateral pattern in all tagmata. The presence of both sexes' secondary sexual characteristics occurred more frequently on the mesosoma than on the head or metasoma. Trap nests used in bee hotels promote the conservation and study of wild bees and might facilitate the discovery of rare cases of gynandromorphs that would remain unknown otherwise under normal nesting conditions in the wild.
Downloads
References
Alvarez, L.J.; Silva, W.P.; Lucia, M. & Aguiar, A.J. 2019. The first cases of gynandromorphism in oil-collecting bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae: Centridini, Tapinotaspidini). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, 59(36): 1-5. https://www.scielo.br/j/paz/a/7Krvn64VZmB5ZsPf3Hc5k7D/?format=pdf&lang=en.
Barrett, M. 2021. The first case of gynandromorphy in Centris pallida (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini). Journal of Melittology, 104: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.i104.13782.
Dalla Torre, K.W. & Friese, H. 1899. Die hermaphroditen und gynandromorphen hymenopteren. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 24: 1-96.
Engel, M.S. 2007. A Lateral Gynandromorph in the Bee Genus Thyreus and the Sting Mechanism in the Melectini (Hymenoptera: Apidae). American Museum Novitates, 3553(1): 1-11.
Fateryga, A.V.; Ivanov, S.P. & Filatov, M.A. 2011. Gynandromorphs of Megachile picicornis (Morawitz, 1877) and Megachile deceptoria (Pérez, 1890) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) and their evolutionary interpretation. Russian Entomological Journal, 20(3): 261-264.
Hinojosa-Díaz, I.A.; Gonzalez, V.H.; Ayala, R.; Mérida, J.; Sagot, P. & Engel, M.S. 2012. New orchid and leaf-cutter bee gynandromorphs, with an updated review (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 88(2): 205-214. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/zoos.201200017.
Hopwood, J.L. 2007. A "cyclops" of the bee Lasioglossum (Dialictus) bruneri (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 80(3): 259-261.
Hurd, P.D. & Moure, J.S. 1963. A classification of the large carpenter bees (Xylocopini) (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). University of California Publications in Entomology, 29: 1-365.
Lucia, M. & Gonzalez, V.H. 2013. A new gynandromorph of Xylocopa frontalis with a review of gynandromorphism in Xylocopa (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopini). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 106: 853-856.
Lucia, M.; Villamil, S.F. & Gonzalez, V.H. 2015. A gynandromorph of Xylocopa augusti and an unusual record of X. iris from Brazil (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopini). Journal of Melittology, 53: 1-7.
McNally, X.; Goulson, D. & Fowler, R. 2018. Air Bee n' Bee: a citizen science study of man-made solitary bee hotels as a conservation approach. In: European Congress of Conservation Biology, 5º. Jyväskylä, Finland. https://doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107813.
Michener, C.D. 1943. Sex anomalies in the genus Ashmeadiella (Hymenoptera) with notes on the homologies between male and female genital appendages. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 19(3): 96.
Michener, C.D. 2007. The Bees of the world. 2. ed. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press. xvi + [i] + 953 pp. + 20 pls.
Michez, D.; Rasmont, P.; Terzo, M. & Vereecken, N.J. 2009. A synthesis of gynandromorphy among wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an annotated description of several new cases. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, 45(3): 365-375.
R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (R Core Team). 2021. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. URL https://www.r-project.org.
Villamizar, G. 2020. A new case of gynandromorphism in Xylocopa frontalis (Olivier) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with an updated review of records in Xylocopinae Latreille. Revista Chilena de Entomología, 46(2): 189-200.
Wcislo, W.T.; Gonzalez, V.H. & Arneson, L. 2004. A review of deviant phenotypes in bees in relation to brood parasitism, and a gynandromorph of Megalopta genalis (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Natural History, 38(11): 1443-1457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0022293031000155322.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Responsibility: The scientific content and the opinions expressed in the manuscript are the sole responsibility of the author(s).
Copyrights: Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. The journal is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type CC-BY.
