Problemas com o uso do Cânone de Morgan

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6564e240112

Palavras-chave:

Cânone de Morgan, cognição animal, psicologia comparada, filosofia da ciência

Resumo

O Cânone de Morgan é um princípio que guiou a prática da Psicologia Comparada e outras ciências que estudam a cognição animal. De acordo com ele, deve-se favorecer processos cognitivos mais simples como explicação para o comportamento animal. Por causa dele, evitou-se durante muito tempo atribuir estados mentais complexos a animais não humanos. Neste artigo, esse princípio será examinado criticamente a partir de sua história e motivações. Especificamente, dois problemas relacionados ao seu uso na ciência serão abordados. O primeiro é o problema da justificação, que afirma que sua força enquanto critério interpretativo não tem uma justificação equivalente. O segundo é o problema da testabilidade, que afeta a prática científica ao não propor uma hipótese testável. A partir desses problemas, conclui-se que seu uso deve ser feito de modo cauteloso, levando em conta as probabilidades de cada contexto e a possibilidade de sua aplicação em hipóteses testáveis.

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Biografia do Autor

  • José Carlos Camillo, Universidade Federal de Goiás

    Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.

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11-08-2025

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