From the perceived risks to the preventative actions: analysis of adolescents’ behaviors facing Covid-19

Abstract

Objective: To understand adolescents' responses to the Covid-19 pandemic, considering their beliefs and attitudes towards the threat of contagion and transmissibility. Method: Qualitative study, based on the theoretical framework of the Health Belief Model, conducted in a municipality in northeastern Brazil. Six focus groups were held, with the participation of 45 adolescents. The statements were transcribed, organized into a textual corpus, and submitted to content analysis using IRAMUTEQ software. Results: Three thematic categories emerged: 1. Perception of risk and susceptibility to Covid-19 – threat, death; 2. Severity and gravity of COVID-19 – isolation, fear; 3. Prevention and protective measures against coronavirus contamination – social distancing, hygiene. Conclusion: The study showed that the perception of risk and severity of the health crisis contributed to adolescents adopting self-protective behaviors for themselves and their families. Their mental health was affected by feelings of fear and anxiety, reflected in their social interactions during the isolation and post-pandemic periods. It is suggested that there be a greater focus on health actions for this population, as well as studies that identify other outcomes of the period experienced.