Factors associated with the diagnosis of Brain Death in hospitals in the State of Sergipe

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the diagnosis of brain death (BD) in hospitals in the State of Sergipe, Brazil. Method: Qualitative study based on the theoretical-methodological framework of French DiscouCross-sectional study carried out between 2023 and 2024 in four hospitals in Sergipe. Participants were over 18 years of age, of both sexes, with three points on the Glasgow Coma Scale, neurological injury confirmed by brain tomography and absence of at least two brainstem reflexes. Results: The study included 69 participants and a higher prevalence of individuals from inland cities (65%), with median age of 52 years (42.0–68.0), female (59%), and of mixed ethnicity (62%) was observed. The main neurological causes were stroke and traumatic brain injury. Individuals in older age groups and individuals with cancer are less likely to have BD confirmed. The variable place of residence was significantly associated with the diagnosis. Conclusion: Integration of well-defined institutional protocols, telehealth consultations, and professional training are recommended as strategies that can lead to faster, safer, and more equitable diagnosis in contexts of structural vulnerability.