Genealogia no desenvolvimento da historiografia antiga: genealogia e história em Heródoto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9141.rh.2022.180558Palavras-chave:
Heródoto, Historiografia antiga, Genealogia, Retórica, TekmerionResumo
Neste artigo, eu sugiro que genealogia era uma estratégia retórica para construir autoridade na historiografia antiga. Nesse sentido, divido meu argumento em quatro partes. Na primeira, apresento meu entendimento de genealogia e autoridade. Em seguida, me volto para as evidências genealógicas, tentando mostrar sua relação com debates controversos e papel como ferramenta retórica. Para tanto, comparo os usos que Heródoto e Isócrates fazem de genealogias, sugerindo que genealogia era uma forma de tekmerion. Na terceira parte, tento comprovar essa hipótese discutindo tanto a definição de tekmerion em Aristóteles como em que medida Heródoto e Isócrates partilham seu entendimento dessa palavra. Por fim, realizo considerações sobre o porquê genealogia era uma ferramenta retórica tão poderosa em discursos de natureza variada, inclusive o histórico.
Downloads
Referências
AUGER, Danièle. Arbre généalogique et plant de vigne. In: AUGER, Danièle; SAÏD, Suzanne (dir.) Généalogies mythiques: Actes du VIIIe Colloque du Centre de Recherches Mythologiques de l’Université de Paris-X. Paris: Centre de Recherches Mythologiques, 1998, p. 87-118.
BALL, Rashid. Generation dating in Herodotus. Classical Quarterly. Vol. 29, n. 2, 1979, p. 276-281.
BARAGWANATH, Emily; BAKKER, Mathieu de (ed.) Myth, Truth and Narrative in Herodotus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
BOEDEKER, Deborah. The two faces of Demaratus. Arethusa. Vol. 20, 1987, p. 185-201.
BOER, Willem den. The struggle for the chronological pattern. In: Laconian Studies. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1954, p. 1-150.
BRUNSCHWIG, Jacques. Aristotle’s rhetoric as a ‘counterpart’ to dialectic. In: RORTY, Amélie Oksenberg (ed.) Essays on Aristotle’s Rhetoric. Berkeley/London: University of California Press, 1996, p. 34-55.
BURNYEAT, Myles. Enthymeme: Aristotle on the rationality of rhetoric. In: RORTY, Amélie Oksenberg (ed.) Essays on Aristotle’s Rhetoric. Berkeley/London: University of California Press, 1996, p. 88-115.
CAREY, Christopher. ‘Artless’ proof in Aristotle and the orators. Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies. Vol. 39, 1994a, p. 95-106.
CAREY, Christopher. Rhetorical means of persuasion. In: WORTHINGTON, Ian (ed.) Persuasion: Greek Rhetoric in Action. London: Routledge, 1994b, p. 26-45.
CAREY, Christopher. Rhetorical means of persuasion. In: RORTY, Amélie Oksenberg (ed.) Essays on Aristotle’s Rhetoric. Berkeley/London: University of California Press, 1996, p. 399-415.
CARRIÈRE, Jean-Claude. Du mythe à l’histoire. Généalogies heróïques, chronologies légendaires et historicisation des mythes. In: AUGER, Danièle; SAÏD, Suzanne (dir.) Généalogies mythiques: Actes du VIIIe Colloque du Centre de Recherches Mythologiques de l’Université de Paris-X. Paris: Centre de Recherches Mythologiques, 1998, p. 47-85.
CARSTEN, Janet. After Kinship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
CARTLEDGE, Paul. Appendix 3: The Spartan king-lists. In: Sparta and Lakonia. A Regional History 1300 to 362 BC. 1st edition 1979. London/New York: Routledge, 2002, p. 293-298.
CHIASSON, Charles. Myth and truth in Herodotus’ Cyrus logos. In: BARAGWANATH, Emily; BAKKER, Mathieu de (ed.) Myth, Truth and Narrative in Herodotus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 213-232.
CINGANO, Ettore. A catalogue within a catalogue: Helen’s suitors in the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women (frr.196-204). In: HUNTER, Richard (ed.) The Hesiodic Catalogue of Women: Constructions and Reconstructions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 118-152.
CRANE, Gregory. The Blinded Eye: Thucydides and the New Written Word. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1996.
DARBO-PESCHANSKI, Catherine. Le discours du particulier: Essai sur l’enquête hérodotéenne. Paris: Seuil, 1987.
DETIENNE, Marcel. The Masters of Truth in Archaic Greece. English Translation by J. Lloyd. 1st French Edition 1967. New York: Zone Books, 1996.
DREWS, Robert. The fall of Astyages and Herodotus’ chronology of the Eastern Kingdoms. Historia. Vol. 18, n. 1, 1969, p. 1-11.
FOXHALL, Lin. The politics of affection: Emotional attachments in Athenian society. In: CARTLEDGE, Paul; MILLETT, Paul; REDEN, Sitta von (ed.) Kosmos: Essays in Order, Conflict and Community in Classical Athens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, p. 52-67.
FOWLER, Robert. Mythos and logos. Journal of Hellenic Studies. Vol. 131, 2011, p. 45-66.
FOWLER, Robert. Early Greek Mythography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013, vol. 2.
FRAGOULAKI, Maria. Kinship in Thucydides: Intercommunal Ties and Historical Narrative. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
FRITZ, Kurt von. Herodotus and the growth of Greek historiography. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. Vol. 67, 1936, p. 315-340.
GOTTELAND, Sophie. Généalogies mythiques et politique chez les orateurs attiques. In: AUGER, Danièle; SAÏD, Suzanne (dir.) Généalogies mythiques: Actes du VIIIe Colloque du Centre de Recherches Mythologiques de l’Université de Paris-X. Paris: Centre de Recherches Mythologiques, 1998, p. 379-393.
GOTTELAND, Sophie. Mythe et rhétorique: Les exemples mythiques dans le discours politique de l’Athènes classique. Paris: Belles Lettres, 2001.
GRIMALDI, William. A Note on the pisteis in Aristotle’s Rhetoric, 1354-1356. American Journal of Philology. Vol. 78, n. 2, 1957, p. 188-192.
GRIMALDI, William. Semeion, tekmerion, eikos in Aristotle’s Rhetoric. American Journal of Philology. Vol. 101, n. 4, 1980, p. 383-398.
HEIDEL, William Arthur. Hecataeus and the Egyptian priests in Herodotus, Book II. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Vol. 18, n. 2, 1935, p. 53-134.
HOW, Walter Wybergh; WELLS, Joseph. A Commentary on Herodotus. 1st Edition 1912. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979, 2 vols.
IRWIN, Elizabeth. Gods among men? The social and political dynamics of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women. In: HUNTER, Richard (ed.) The Hesiodic Catalogue of Women: Constructions and Reconstructions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 35-84.
KRAUS, Manfred. How to classify means of persuasion: The Rhetoric to Alexander and Aristotle on pisteis. Rhetorica: A Journal of the History of Rhetoric. Vol. 29, n. 3, 2011, p. 263-279.
KURKE, Leslie. Herodotus and Aesop: Some soundings. In: Aesopic Conversations: Popular Tradition, Cultural Dialogue and the Invention of Greek Prose. Princeton, N.J./Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2011, p. 398-431.
LIMA, Paulo Butti de. L’inchiesta e la prova: Immagine storiografica, pratica giuridica e retorica nella Grecia classica. Turin: Einaudi, 1996.
MARINCOLA, John. Rethinking Isocrates and historiography. In: PARMEGIANNI, Giovanni. Between Thucydides and Polybius: The Golden Age of Greek Historiography. Hellenic Studies Series 64. Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies, 2014. Available online: <https://www.chs.harvard.edu/CHS/article/display/5851.giovanni-parmeggiani-ed-between-thucydides-and-polybius-the-golden-age-of-greek-historiography>. Access date: 24 May 2017.
MARTIN, Richard. The Language of Heroes: Speech and Performance in the Iliad. Ithaca/London: Cornell University Press, 1989.
MCADON, Brad. Probabilities, signs, necessary signs, idia, and topoi: The confusing discussion of materials for enthymemes in the Rhetoric. Philosophy & Rhetoric. Vol. 36, n. 3, 2003, p. 223-247.
MEYER, Eduard. Herodots Chronologie der Griechischen Sagengeschichte. In: Forschungen zur Alten Geschichte. 1st edition 1892. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 153-188.
MILLER, Molly. Herodotus as chronographer. Klio. Vol. 46, 1965, p. 109-128
MITCHEL, Fordyce. Herodotus’ use of genealogical chronology. Phoenix. Vol. 10, n. 2, 1956, p. 48-69.
MOYER, Ian. Herodotus and an Egyptian mirage: The genealogies of the Theban priests. Journal of Hellenic Studies. Vol. 122, 2002, p. 70-90.
MOYER, Ian. Herodotus and an Egyptian mirage. In: Egypt and the Limits of Hellenism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011, p. 42-83.
MURRAY, Oswyn. Herodotus and oral history; Herodotus and oral history reconsidered. In: LURAGHI, Nino (ed.) The Historian’s Craft in the Age of Herodotus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, p. 16-44, 314-325.
NENCI, Giuseppe. Commento VI, 125-131. In: Erodoto. Le Storie Libro VI. La Battaglia di Maratona. Roma/Milan: Fondazione Lorenzo Valla/Arnoldo Mondadori, 1998, p. 304-311.
PAPILLON, Terry. Isocrates and the Greek poetic tradition. Scholia. Vol. 7, 1998, p. 41-61.
PELETZ, Michael. Kinship studies in late twentieth-century anthropology. Annual Review of Anthropology. Vol. 24, 1995, p. 343-372.
PELLING, Christopher. The urine and the vine: Astyages’ dreams at 1.107-8. Classical Quarterly. Vol. 46, 1996, p. 68-77.
PIAZZA, Francesca. Pisteis in comparison: Examples and enthymemes in the Rhetoric to Alexander and Aristotle’s Rhetoric. A Journal of the History of Rhetoric. Vol. 29, n. 3, 2011, p. 305-318.
PRAKKEN, Donald. Herodotus and the Spartan king lists. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. Vol. 71, 1940, p. 460-472.
REGUERO, María del Carmen Encinas. La evolución de algunos conceptos retóricos. Semeion y tekmerion del s. V al IV a.C. Rhetorica. A Journal of the History of Rhetoric. Vol. 27, n. 4, 2009, p. 373-403.
RENAUD, Jean-Michel. La généalogie de Tydée et de Diomède. In: AUGER, Danièle; SAÏD, Suzanne (dir.) Généalogies mythiques: Actes du VIIIe Colloque du Centre de Recherches Mythologiques de l’Université de Paris-X. Paris: Centre de Recherches Mythologiques, 1998, p. 15-28.
RUTHERFORD, Ian. Mestra at Athens: Hesiod fr.43 and the poetics of PanHellenism. In: HUNTER, Richard (ed.) The Hesiodic Catalogue of Women: Constructions and Reconstructions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 99-117.
THOMAS, Rosalind. Oral Tradition and Written Record in Classical Athens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
THOMAS, Rosalind. Herodotus in Context: Ethnography, Science and the Art of Persuasion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
THOMAS, Rosalind. Ethnicity, genealogy, and Hellenism in Herodotus. In: MALKIN, Irad (ed.) Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity. Washington, D.C./London: Centre for Hellenic Studies, Trustees for Harvard University, 2001a, p. 213-233.
THOMAS, Rosalind. Herodotus’ Histories and the floating gap. In: LURAGHI, Nino (ed.) The Historian’s Craft in the Age of Herodotus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001b, p. 198-210.
VANDIVER, Elizabeth. Heroes in Herodotus: The Interaction of Myth and History. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1991.
VANNICELLI, Pietro. Herodotus’ Egypt and the foundations of universal history. In: LURAGHI, Nino (ed.) The Historian’s Craft in the Age of Herodotus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, p. 211-240.
VARTO, Emily. Early Greek Kinship. Vancouver: Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of British Columbia, 2009.
WADE-GERY, Henry Theodore. Herodotos’ date for Homer; ‘Stretched’ chronologies. In: The Poet of the Iliad. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952, p. 25-29, 75-77.
WALKER, Jeffrey. The body of persuasion: A theory of the enthymeme. College English. Vol. 56, n. 1, 1994, p. 46-65.
WEST, Martin. The Hesiodic Catalogue of Women: Its Nature, Structure, and Origins. Oxford: Clarendon, 1985.
ZOGRAPHOU, Gerasimoula. Généalogie et historiographie: Une réécriture de la généalogie des rois de Sparte. Le cas de Démarate chez Hérodote. Kernos. Vol. 20, 2007, p. 189-204.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (CC BY). Esta licença permite que outros distribuam, remixem, adaptem e criem a partir do seu trabalho, mesmo para fins comerciais, desde que lhe atribuam o devido crédito pela criação original. É a licença mais flexível de todas as licenças disponíveis. É recomendada para maximizar a disseminação e uso dos materiais licenciados.
- Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
