Le Rôle des Organisations Non Gouvernementales de l'Environnement dans les Politiques Publiques
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2237-1095.rgpp.2024.222005Mots-clés :
Politiques Publiques Environnementales, ONGs, Acteurs Non Gouvernementaux, Cycle des Politiques Publiques, Stratégies d'EngagementRésumé
Au cours des dernières décennies, le rôle et la visibilité des organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) dans la politique se sont accrus, principalement en raison de la promotion de nouvelles formes de gouvernance. Bien que leur rôle de médiateur entre l'État et la population soit reconnu, on sait peu de choses sur les mécanismes et les stratégies utilisés par ces acteurs dans le processus d'élaboration et de mise en œuvre des politiques publiques en matière d'environnement. Cette recherche vise à identifier les facteurs, circonstances et mécanismes de nature sociale, économique, idéologique ou politique qui favorisent ou inhibent l'influence de ces acteurs sur les politiques publiques environnementales. À cette fin, une revue systématique de la littérature a analysé 33 articles tirés des bases de données Scopus et Web of Science. Les résultats indiquent que les ONGAs utilisent différentes stratégies d'engagement et jouent différents rôles dans le cycle des politiques publiques. Le type de relations qu'elles établissent avec d'autres parties prenantes est également un facteur déterminant et certains des défis auxquels elles sont confrontées rendent difficile leur action dans le processus d'élaboration des politiques publiques.
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