Neonatal tetanus in the State of Minas Gerais: a contribution to understand the problem

Abstract

This study aimed at investigating the status of neonatal tetanus in the state of Minas Gerais from 1989 to 1996. Data were collected from the Investigation Forms of the Epidemiological Surveillance Office. Of the 70 confirmed cases, 48 developed to death, which represents a mortality rate of 68.6% for the period under study. The cases occurred in very poor rural and urban areas with a greater deficit in the distribution of local health resources. Of the total number of cases, 59.4% originated in the rural area, 72.1% were children of multiparae, 68.6% used inadequate substances on the umbilical cord stump, among which olive oil and tobacco, whether isolated or not, were distinguished. Most of the deliveries (65.3%) occurred at home and 60.8% were assisted by an unqualified professional. Comparatively, the chances of children from rural areas dying of tetanus were 3.9 times higher than those of children from urban areas.