Use of dexmedetomidine in the management of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in pediatric patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2024.198444Keywords:
Dexmedetomidine, Non-invasive ventilation, Child, Pediatric intensive care unitAbstract
Introduction: Non-invasive ventilation is widely used in pediatric patients due to its effectiveness in treating respiratory failure; however, there is a high failure rate due to patient agitation. In this context, dexmedetomidine has been employed as a primary sedative agent or during the peri-extubation
period. Objective: To conduct a scoping review of observational studies in pediatric patients (0 to 18 years old) who underwent non-invasive mechanical ventilation with the use of dexmedetomidine. Methods:Articles were retrieved from the databases PubMed/MedLine, EBSCO, EMBASE, Scielo, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and journals available on the Portal de Periódicos of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes). There was no limitation regarding the period or year of publication, in order to critically analyze the main elements related to the interaction between dexmedetomidine, the pediatric population, and the use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Results: The use of dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients undergoing non-invasive ventilation was considered positive after extubation, as it does not cause ventilatory system depression and has shown significant efficacy in patients who experienced agitation during non-invasive ventilation. However, its use during non-invasive ventilation was associated with hemodynamic adverse effects, such as bradycardia and hypertension, in addition to withdrawal symptoms reported after drug discontinuation. Conclusion: The results of observational studies indicated that dexmedetomidine had a positive impact on pediatric patients undergoing non-invasive ventilation after extubation, although adverse effects such as bradycardia and hypertension may occur.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Nadua Apostólico, Monize Mendonça da Cruz, Maria Helena Faria Coura, Maria Eduarda Fruet Bussaglia, Giovana Wiezel, Thais Adriano Luiz, Carolina Cristina dos Santos Camargo, Evelim Leal de Freitas Dantas Gomes
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