Evaluation of nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in university students in the healthcare field: analysis of the relationship with anthropometric indices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2024.208876Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureus infections, Body composition, Asymptomatic colonizationc, Biofilmsc Overweight, ObesityAbstract
Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen present in the normal microbiota of the skin and mucous membranes of healthy people. Some studies reported that
obesity may be a factor that favors this bacterium’s colonization of the nasal site. Objective: The present study evaluated the frequency of nasal colonization by S. aureus in health students in São Luís (MA), analyzing the possible relationship with anthropometric factors (body mass index – BMI; waist-hip ratio – WHR). Methodology: Eighty-three students (51 female and 32 male) enrolled in courses in the health area were recruited to obtain demographic, behavioral, and anthropometric data (BMI, WHR). The samples obtained from the nasal cavities were inoculated in Mannitol Salt Agar medium with subsequent identification of the isolates. Finally, biofilm formation was analyzed. Results: In the population studied, the prevalence rates of obesity and overweight/ obesity were 26.51% and 55.42%, respectively. In addition, altered WHR was found in 37.35% of the students. Most of the evaluated samples (91.57%) were positive for Staphylococcus sp. (p<0.0001), with the prevalence of S. aureus (61.45%) statistically higher than that of negative catalase Staphylococcus (30.12%; p=0.0028). S. aureus isolates were predominantly classified as poor biofilm formers. No significant associations were observed between nasal colonization by S. aureus and obesity in the studied population. Conclusion: The data obtained in this work demonstrate a high frequency of healthy students with S. aureus in their nostrils. In addition, most students were classified as overweight/obesity. However, no significant relationships were found between the prevalence of S. aureus and the anthropometric indices evaluated. The high rates of nasal colonization by S. aureus in health students demonstrate the importance of control measures to prevent the dissemination of this microorganism.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Gabrielle Damasceno Costa dos Santos, Dívani Amor Cordeiro Carvalho, Julianne Christina da Costa , Klenda Mirelly Lima Nascimento, Vivian Serra de Menezes, Adrielle Zagmignan, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva
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