Estilos de afrontamiento de enfermeros guyaneses ante el fallecimiento de pacientes: estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2023.200281Palabras clave:
Actitud Frente a la Muerte, Adaptación Psicológica, Salud Mental, Enfermeras y EnfermerosResumen
Objetivo: investigar las estrategias de los enfermeros para lidiar con el fallecimiento de pacientes y
explorar las posibles influencias de los aspectos culturales en este fenómeno. Metodología: estudio
transversal. Los participantes fueron 85 Enfermeros Certificados de un hospital regional de Guyana.
La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Inventario de
Estrategias de Afrontamiento de Lazarus y Folkman. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas, prueba
de correlación de Spearman, prueba t de Student y prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para explorar los datos
obtenidos. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes eran mujeres (85,9%) y afrodescendientes
(56,5%). La media de edad fue 29,63 años (DE=8,98) y osciló entre 20 y 55 años. Los enfermeros
adoptaron estrategias de afrontamiento de resolución de problemas, autocontrol y reevaluación positiva
para hacer frente al fallecimiento de los pacientes, y la religión influyó en el estilo de afrontamiento
que mencionaron. Hubo una correlación positiva entre los años como Enfermero Certificado tuvieron
y los estilos de afrontamiento de resolución de problemas, la reevaluación positiva, el apoyo social y
el distanciamiento relacionado con el fallecimiento de los pacientes. Los enfermeros de religión hindú
presentaron puntuaciones más altas relacionadas con el estilo de afrontamiento de escape-evitación.
Conclusión: incluso sin formación específica para afrontar la muerte, los enfermeros guyaneses
adoptaron estrategias adecuadas para hacer frente a este fenómeno. Las creencias culturales,
como ser religiones de distintos marcos filosóficos y espirituales, pueden influir en la estrategia de
afrontamiento de los enfermeros ante el fallecimiento de los pacientes.
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Derechos de autor 2023 SMAD, Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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