Selección de grupo y altruismo: el origen del debate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-31662009000300005Keywords:
Theory of evolution, Natural selection, Adaptation, Levels of selection, Group selection, AltruismAbstract
One of the most debated issues in evolutionary biology concerns the level at which natural selection operates. It is usually accepted that Darwin maintained that natural selection operates at the individual level. However, another line of interpretation suggests that Darwin conceived that natural selection could operate at the group level as well, specifically, that he was forced to accept this in order to explain the altruistic behavior. This paper aims to show that Darwin did not provide a clear model of group selection, and that he had recourse to explanations of selection at the individual level in order to explain altruistic behavior. I will defend this interpretation through passages in his texts that introduce the influence of parenthood and individual selection as forces that explain altruistic behavior and that appeal to the same points exploited by the contemporary models of inclusive fitness and reciprocal altruism.Downloads
References
Brandon, R. The levels of selection. PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, 1, p. 315-23, 1982.
Darwin, C. On the origin of species by means of natural selection. London: Murray, 1859.
Darwin, C. The descent of man. London: Murray, 1871.
Dawkins, R. The selfish gene. New York: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Haldane, J. The causes of evolution. London: Princenton University Press, 1932.
Hamilton, W. D. The genetical evolution of social behavior. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 7, p. 17-52, 1964.
Hull, D. Individuality and selection. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 11, p.311-32, 1980.
Keller, E. F. & Lloyd, E. (Ed.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992.
Lewontin, R. The units of selection. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1, p. 1-18, 1970.
Lloyd, E. Unit of selection. In: Keller, E. F. & Lloyd, E. (Ed.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992. p. 334-40.
Malthus, T. Essay on the principle of population as it affects the future, Dutton, NYC, 1798.
Mayr, E. One long argument. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991.
Provine, W. B. (Ed.). Evolution: selected papers. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1986.
Rosenberg, A. Altruism: theoretical contexts. In: Keller, E. F. & Lloyd, E. (Ed.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992. p. 20-8.
Trivers, R. The evolution of reciprocal altruism. Quarterly Review of Biology, 46, p.35-7, 1971.
Walton, D. The units of selection and the bases of selection. Philosophy of Science, 58, 3, p. 417-35, 1991.
Wilson, D. S. Group selection. In: Keller, E. F. & Lloyd, E. (Ed.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992.
Wilson, D. S. Darwin’s cathedral: evolution, religion and the nature of society. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2002.
Wilson, D. S. & Sober, E. Reintroducing group selection to the human behavioral sciences. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 17, 4, p. 585-654, 1994.
Wright, S. The roles of mutation, inbreeding, crossbreeding and selection in evolution. In: Provine, W. B. (Ed.). Evolution: selected papers. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1986 [1932]. p. 356-66.
Wynne-Edwards, V. C. Animal dispersion in relation to social behavior. London: Oliver & Boyd, 1962
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2009 Scientiae Studia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
A revista detém os direitos autorais de todos os textos nela publicados. Os autores estão autorizados a republicar seus textos mediante menção da publicação anterior na revista. A revista adota a Licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.
