Strategic groups and perfomance analysis in the commercial banking industry in brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/rco.v4i9.34769Keywords:
Bancos Comerciais, Grupos Estratégicos e Desempenho, Commercial Banks, Strategic Groups, PerformanceAbstract
O objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar a relação entre grupos estratégicos e desempenho na indústria de bancos comerciais no Brasil. Para cumprir esse propósito, foi realizado um estudo no setor, de janeiro a dezembro de 2007, com uma amostra não probabilística de 28 bancos, por meio da análise fatorial, da análise de cluster e da comparação descritiva de médias. A análise cluster indicou a presença de quatro grupos estratégicos: um grupo formado por 22 bancos (Grupo 1); outro formado pelos dois maiores bancos comerciais do Brasil (Grupo 2); um formado somente pelo Banco do Brasil (Grupo 3); e um formado por três bancos comerciais privados (Grupo 4). Pôde-se verificar que o Grupo 2 buscou uma estratégia baseada em seus recursos financeiros, o que lhe permitiu adotar uma estratégia de posicionamento relacionada a custo. O Grupo 3 adotou uma estratégia baseada em diversidade e qualidade de produtos, com atuação geográfica ampla. O Grupo 4, uma estratégia de diferenciação com uma amplitude geográfica relativamente alta. Com base nos indicadores de desempenho ROA e pelo ROE, o Grupo 2 (Itaú e Bradesco) apresentou um desempenho superior em retorno sobre ativos e o Banco do Brasil (Grupo 3), em retorno sobre o patrimônio líquido.Downloads
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