Competitiveness of nature-based tourist destinations: study in national parks in Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v33i1p72-94Keywords:
Competitiveness, Tourist destination, Nature-based tourism, Protected areaAbstract
Competitiveness can be a powerful tool for environmental conservation and the socioeconomic development of the local community. This study aimed to propose a competitiveness assessment model for nature-based tourist destinations, using national parks in Brazil as a reference. The research has a qualitative and quantitative approach, of exploratory and descriptive character, using the deductive method and as research techniques: bibliographic, Delphi, and survey. As a methodological procedure, a vast bibliographic and documental survey was carried out first to constitute a matrix with seven factors, 59 indicators, and 152 variables. The matrix of indicators and variables was submitted to a panel consisting of three experts in tourism management using the Delphi technique. After validation by experts, the matrix was submitted for evaluation by 35 managers of Brazilian national parks with an online form. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics techniques. Then, 637 visitors from 74 Brazilian national parks were surveyed with an online form containing the 59 indicators validated by experts and managers. The data collected from the visitors were used to generate a structural equation modeling by partial least squares methods (PLS-MEE). The exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling technique confirmed 43 indicators organized into five factors: infrastructure and support factors, cultural attractions, destination management, quality of life for residents and adventure activities.
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