Intervenção motora precoce em bebês prematuros: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v26i3a168767Palavras-chave:
Desenvolvimento Infantil, Desempenho Psicomotor, Recém-Nascido Prematuro, Intervenção PrecoceResumo
O desenvolvimento motor busca independência funcional através de mudanças nos sistemas corporais, possui caráter cumulativo e é influenciado por diferentes fatores, entre eles a prematuridade. Portanto, quando um bebê nasce prematuro ele necessita realizar intervenção precoce para minimizar os efeitos da prematuridade. Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente os efeitos da intervenção motora precoce comparada ao tratamento convencional ou comparada à condição de controle sobre o desenvolvimento motor de prematuros. Método: A busca foi realizada nas bases Pubmed, PEDro, Lilacs e Cochrane, do início até julho de 2015. Utilizamos os descritores “premature”, “early intervention”, e seus sinônimos, além do filtro para ensaios clínicos randomizados. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados com bebês prematuros que realizaram intervenção precoce comparado com tratamento convencional, grupo controle ou outro tipo de intervenção precoce, e que avaliaram o desenvolvimento motor. Resultados: Dos 970 estudos identificados, 13 foram incluídos. Seis estudos apresentaram resultados favoráveis no desenvolvimento motor no grupo intervenção, enquanto sete não apresentaram resultados significativos apesar de apresentarem melhoras no desenvolvimento motor. Conclusão: Os estudos apresentaram uma alta variabilidade metodológica, o que dificultou uma comparação entre os mesmos, visto que haviam diferentes métodos de avaliação, intervenção e frequências de tratamento. Por esse motivo, estudos como maior rigor metodológico ainda devem ser realizados para que possa haver um melhor entendimento do efeito da intervenção precoce em prematuros.
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