Analysis of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic pain due to knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v33e243813Keywords:
Osteoarthritis, Knee, Anxiety, Depression, Chronic Pain, RehabilitationAbstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent degenerative condition characterized by chronic pain and functional impairment, often associated with psychological factors. Objective: To investigate the correlation between anxiety, depression, and measures of pain and functionality in patients with KOA. Method: This cross-sectional study included 107 Brazilian patients diagnosed with KOA, 82.2% female, with a mean age of 68.43 ± 7.89 years, mean body mass index of 32.07 ± 5.84 kg/m², and mean disease duration of 95.85 months. Demographic and clinical variables were collected for sample characterization. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Pain was evaluated using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Visual Analog Scale, and McGill Pain Questionnaire. Functionality and quality of life were assessed using the Short-Form 36 Dimensions and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using R software, with a significance level of 5% (α<0.05). Results: Significant correlations were observed between chronic pain and psychological factors, with depressive symptoms more strongly associated with pain intensity (r²= 0.31; p<0.0001) and anxiety symptoms associated with reduced functional capacity and poorer quality of life (r²= 0.40; p<0.0001). Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are significantly associated with pain and functionality in patients with KOA, highlighting the importance of a psychological approach in rehabilitation.
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