Clinical-epidemiological profile, diagnostic criteria and treatment of patients with hairy cell leukemia in the State of Pernambuco: analysis of 50 consecutive cases in 12 years

Resumen

Study’s model: series of cases. Problem’s relevance: Describing the clinical-epidemiological profile, standard diagnostics and hairy cell leukemia’s (HCL) treatment inside a reference service of hematology in the state of Pernambuco/Brazil, considering that HCL is a little common condition in the related statethat, when suspected, is forwarded to Pernambuco’s Foundation of Hematology and Hemotherapy (HEMOPE).Thereby, a study about HCL will permit the elaboration of investigation’s protocols about the clinic as well as premature and therapeutic diagnostics, according to the laboratory and clinical-epidemiological characters of the patients of the state of Pernambuco/Brazil, propitiating a better assistance to them. Comments: It was realizeda retrospective and descriptive study involving all patients with HCL attended at HEMOPE from January 2002 to April 2014. More than 50 (fifty) cases were analysed. The age group was 54,3± 12,3 (16% women and 84% men). The symptonsverified were dizziness, hemorrhage, asthenia, anorexia, nightly sweat, recurrent infection, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and adenomegaly. It was observed macrocytosis (22,0%), anemia (88,0%) and thrombocytopenia (98%).In the standard diagnostics, there were hairy cells in the peripheral blood of all patients and the reaction of the phosphatase’s tartar resistant was positive in 81,8% of the cases.The bone marrow’s biopsy revealed hairy cells infiltration in all patients and reticulin fibrosis in 92,0% of the cases. In the immunophenotyping, was found CD11 in 57,1% of the cases, CD25 in 89,8%, CD103 in 77,5%, FMC7 in 81,6%, Kappa in 24,5% and Lambda in 18,3%.As initial treatment, it was realized splenectomy + interferon (4,0%), splenectomy (4,0%), interferon (3,5%) and cladribine (58,0%)